Andrew
Tue Dec 06 02:46:00 CST 2005
"jdc" <jdc@discussions.microsoft.com> wrote in message
news:F718EBA7-3264-4953-A2EA-4AA0614E63C7@microsoft.com...
> Please remind em ( I am without Command Reference ) how to manually code
> an @
> Get for a in form pull down list.
>
> example ...
> store 1 to tchoice
> @ 10,10 get tchoice func "option 1;option2;option3"
Main thing you need is picture / function with a caret '^' followed by the
options.
Below is the help from FPW,
regards
Andrew Howell
Syntax
@ <row, column>
GET <memvar> | <field>
FUNCTION <expC1> | PICTURE <expC2>
[FONT <expC3> [, <expN1>]]
[STYLE <expC4>]
[DEFAULT <expr>]
[FROM <array>]
[RANGE <expN2> [, <expN3>]]
[SIZE <expN4>, <expN5>]
[ENABLE | DISABLE]
[MESSAGE <expC5>]
[VALID <expL1> | <expN6>]
[WHEN <expL2>]
[COLOR SCHEME <expN7> [, <expN8>]
| COLOR <color pair list>]
Remarks
This variation of @ ... GET creates a popup. When selected, the popup opens,
displaying a set of options from which you can choose one. The set of
options is
specified in the FUNCTION and/or PICTURE clause containing the specification
code for
a popupa caret (^).
If you use the Screen Builder to create your data-entry screens, you might
not have to use
this command at all. The Screen Builder automatically generates the commands
that
create pop-ups.
To open a popup in FoxPro for MS-DOS, press Enter or the Spacebar or click
on the
popup. You can open a popup in the same manner in FoxPro for Windows and
FoxPro
for Macintosh if KEYCOMP is set to DOS.
To open a popup in FoxPro for Windows when KEYCOMP is set to WINDOWS (the
default setting), press the Spacebar, Alt+Up Arrow, or Alt+Down, Arrow or
click on the
popup.
To open a popup in FoxPro for Macintosh when KEYCOMP is set to MAC (the
default
setting), click the popup. When KEYCOMP is set to DOS or WINDOWS, you can
open the
popup by pressing the Spacebar or clicking the popup.
Clauses
<row, column>
Row and column are numeric expressions with values of 0 or greater that
determine
where the list appears.
The first row is number 0 in the main FoxPro window or a user-defined
window. Rows are
numbered from top to bottom. In FoxPro for Windows, row 0 is the row
immediately under
the FoxPro system menu bar. In FoxPro for Macintosh, row 0 is the row
immediately under
the FoxPro title bar. In FoxPro for MS-DOS, row 0 is the row the FoxPro
system menu bar
occupies. See SET SYSMENU for information about manipulating the system menu
bar
so you can place output on row 0 in FoxPro for MS-DOS.
The first column is number 0 in the main FoxPro window or a user-defined
window.
Columns are numbered from left to right.
When the list is directed to a user-defined window, the row and column
coordinates are
relative to the user-defined window, not the main FoxPro window.
In FoxPro for Windows and FoxPro for Macintosh, a position in the main
FoxPro window or
in a user-defined window is determined by the font of the main FoxPro window
or the
user-defined window. Most fonts can be displayed in a wide variety of sizes,
and some
are proportionally spaced. A row corresponds to the height of the current
font; a column
corresponds to the average width of a letter in the current font.
In FoxPro for Windows and FoxPro for Macintosh, you can position the list in
a window
with decimal fractions for row and column coordinates. In FoxPro for MS-DOS,
decimal
fractions used for row and column coordinates are rounded to the nearest
integer value.
<memvar> | <field>
When you choose an option from the popup, your choice is stored to the
memory
variable or array element specified with <memvar> or a field specified with
<field>. If you
press Esc to exit the popup, the value of <memvar> or <field> isn't changed.
<memvar> or <field> must be of numeric or character type. If <memvar> or
<field> is
character, the prompt of the item you choose is stored to <memvar>. If
<memvar> or
<field> is numeric, the number representing the position of the item in the
popup is stored
to <memvar> or <field>.
Initial Option Selection
When a popup appears, the value of <memvar> or <field> determines which
popup
option (if any) is initially displayed on the face of the popup.
If <memvar> or <field> is numeric, the option in the specified numeric
position in the list of
options is initially displayed on the face of the popup. For example, if the
memory
variable, array element or field contains 1, the first popup option you
specify is initially
displayed. If the value of <memvar> or <field> doesn't correspond to any of
the popup
options (the value is less than 1 or greater than the number of options),
the face of the
popup is initially blank.
If <memvar> or <field> is of character type, a case-sensitive comparison is
made
between <memvar> or <field> and each popup option. When the comparison is
made, all
special characters and any leading or trailing spaces are ignored. If a
match is found, the
matching option is initially displayed on the face of the popup. If a match
isn't found, the
character value of <memvar> or <field> is initially displayed on the face of
the popup and
is added as a temporary option at the end of the list of options.
FUNCTION <expC1> | PICTURE <expC2>
When creating popups, you must include the FUNCTION clause, the PICTURE
clause or
both. There is no advantage to any of the three methods. The FUNCTION or
PICTURE
clause contains the popup specification code ^ and the set of popup options.
Options can also be specified in the FROM <array> clause. If the options are
specified
there, you do not need to include them in the FUNCTION or PICTURE clause.
However, if you include FROM <array>, ^ must still be included in the
FUNCTION or
PICTURE clause.
The FUNCTION character expression <expC1> must begin with ^. To create the
options
that appear in the popup list, include a space after ^ followed by a list of
options
separated by semicolons. The following example creates the option prompts
Cash,
Charge, Net 30 and Net 60:
... FUNCTION '^ Cash;Charge;Net 30;Net 60' ...
The PICTURE character expression <expC2> uses the same syntax as the
FUNCTION
character expression except the PICTURE expression must begin with @
followed by ^.
For example, the following PICTURE clause creates the option prompts Cash,
Charge,
Net 30 and Net 60:
... PICTURE '@^ Cash;Charge;Net 30;Net 60' ...
You can also include both the FUNCTION and PICTURE clauses to create popups.
If
both are included, the FUNCTION character expression <expC1> must contain ^
to create
the popup, and can also include a space and the popup options. The PICTURE
character expression <expC2> can include prompts to create additional
options.
The following examples illustrate the various forms of syntax you can use to
create a
popup. In all the examples, a popup is placed in the second row and column.
It contains
four options with the prompts Cash, Charge, Net 30 and Net 60. It is
initialized by the
memory variable MCHOICE. When you choose one of the options from the popup,
your
choice is stored to MCHOICE.
FUNCTION clause only:
STORE 1 TO mchoice
@ 2,2 GET mchoice FUNCTION '^ Cash;Charge;Net 30;Net 60'
READ
STORE 1 TO mchoice
STORE '^ Cash;Charge;Net 30;Net 60' TO mfunc
@ 2,2 GET mchoice FUNCTION mfunc
READ
PICTURE clause only:
STORE 1 TO mchoice
@ 2,2 GET mchoice PICTURE '@^ Cash;Charge;Net 30;Net 60'
READ
STORE 1 TO mchoice
@ 2,2 GET mchoice PICTURE '@^' + ' Cash;Charge;Net 30;Net 60'
READ
FUNCTION and PICTURE clauses:
STORE 1 TO mchoice
@ 2,2 GET mchoice FUNCTION '^' ;
PICTURE ' Cash;Charge;Net 30;Net 60'
READ
STORE 1 TO mchoice
@ 2,2 GET mchoice FUNCTION '^ Cash;Charge' ;
PICTURE ';Net 30;Net 60'
READ
PICTURE and FUNCTION Options N,T, 2 and 3
Additional options can be placed after the caret ( ^ ) specification code in
the FUNCTION
or PICTURE clause to modify the behavior (N and T) and appearance (2 and 3)
of the
popup.
The 2 (two-dimensional) and 3 (three-dimensional) specification codes are
only
available in FoxPro for Macintosh.
Option Description
N Does not terminate the READ when an option is chosen. This is the
default behavior.
T Terminates the READ when an option is chosen.
2 Creates a flat (two-dimensional) popup identical to popups in Macintosh
dialogs. This is the default popup in FoxPro for Macintosh.
3 Creates a three-dimensional popup identical to popups in FoxPro for
Macintosh dialogs.
Popup Options with Special Features
When defining a prompt, you can assign special characteristics to a popup
option. For
example, you can assign a hot key to the option or disable the option by
including
special characters.
Hot Keys
In FoxPro for MS-DOS, a hot key is a highlighted letter in a prompt that you
can type to
immediately choose an option on an open popup. To assign a hot key, place a
backslash and a less-than sign (\<) before the desired character of the
popup option.
In FoxPro for Windows, a hot key is an underlined letter on a prompt that
you can type to
immediately choose an option on the popup. The popup doesn't have to be open
to
choose an option with a hot key if KEYCOMP is set to WINDOWS.
In FoxPro for Macintosh, if KEYCOMP is set to MAC (the default), hot keys
aren't
highlighted or underlined. If KEYCOMP is set to DOS or WINDOWS, hot keys are
underlined.
The following example assigns the hot keys C and R to the Cash and Charge
options,
respectively:
STORE 1 TO mchoice
@ 2,2 GET mchoice FUNCTION '^ \<Cash;Cha\<rge;Net 30;Net 60'
READ
Disabled Options
You can disable an option so it can't be chosen. Disabled options are shown
in disabled
colors. To disable a popup option, place a backslash (\) before the option.
To disable
the entire popup, include the DISABLE keyword.
The Charge option is disabled in this example:
STORE 1 TO mchoice
@ 2,2 GET mchoice FUNCTION '^ Cash;\Charge;Net 30;Net 60'
READ
FONT <expC3> [, <expN1>]
The character expression <expC3> is the name of the font, and the numeric
expression
<expN1> is the font size. For example, the following clause can be used to
display the
options in the popup in 16-point Courier font:
FONT 'Courier', 16
If you include the FONT clause but omit the font size <expN1>, a 10-point
font is used.
In FoxPro for Windows, if the font you specify is not available, a font with
similar font
characteristics is substituted.
In FoxPro for Macintosh, if the font you specify is not available, the
Chicago font is used.
In FoxPro for MS-DOS, the FONT clause is ignored.
If the FONT clause is omitted and the popup is placed in the main FoxPro
window, the
main FoxPro window font is used. If the FONT clause is omitted and the popup
is placed
in a user-defined window, the user-defined window font is used.
STYLE <expC4>
In FoxPro for Windows and FoxPro for Macintosh, include the STYLE clause to
specify a
font style for the options in the popup.
The font style is specified with <expC4>. If the STYLE clause is omitted,
the normal font
style is used.
In FoxPro for Windows, if the font style you specify is not available, a
font style with similar
characteristics is substituted.
In FoxPro for Macintosh, if the font you specify is not available, the
normal font style is
used.
The STYLE clause is ignored in FoxPro for MS-DOS.
Character Font Style
B Bold
C Condense*
E Extend*
I Italic
N Normal
O Outline
S Shadow
- Strikeout*
U Underline
*The Condense and Extend styles are available only in FoxPro for Macintosh.
The
Strikeout style is available only in FoxPro for Windows.
You can include more than one character to specify a combination of font
styles. For
example, the following specifies Bold Italic:
STYLE 'BI'
DEFAULT <expr>
When you choose an option from a popup, your choice is saved in the memory
variable,
array element or field you specify. If you specify a memory variable that
doesn't exist, it is
automatically created and initialized if you include the DEFAULT clause.
However, an
array element isn't created if you specify an array element in a DEFAULT
clause. The
DEFAULT clause is ignored if the memory variable already exists or you
specify a field.
Note If the DEFAULT clause isn't included and the memory variable <memvar>
doesn't exist, the error message "Variable not found" appears.
The DEFAULT expression <expr> determines the type of memory variable created
and
its initial value. <expr> must be a numeric or character expression. Here
are examples of
DEFAULT clauses for popups:
@ 2,2 GET mchoice FUNCTION '^ Cash;Charge;Net 30;Net 60' ;
DEFAULT 'Cash'
READ
@ 2,2 GET mchoice FUNCTION '^ Cash;Charge;Net 30;Net 60';
DEFAULT 3
READ
FROM <array>
The FROM <array> clause can be included to create the popup options from a
predefined array. If you create popup options with FROM <array>, you must
still specify
@^ in the PICTURE clause or ^ in the FUNCTION clause. For example:
... FROM marray PICTURE '@^' ...
... FROM marray FUNCTION '^' ...
If FROM <array> is included, any option prompts specified in the PICTURE or
FUNCTION
clause are ignored.
The options that appear in the popup are taken from the elements of the
array you
specify with <array>. If the array is one-dimensional, the first element in
the array creates
the first option in the popup, the second array element creates the second
option, and so
on.
If the array is two-dimensional, only the elements in the first column of
the array create the
options in the popup. The first element in the array creates the first
option in the popup, the
second element in the first column creates the second option, and so on.
RANGE <expN2> [, <expN3>]
By default, popup options start with the first array element. You can
designate a different
starting element in the array by including the RANGE value <expN2>. For
example, if the
array is one-dimensional and <expN2> is 3, the third element in the array
creates the first
option in the popup, the fourth element creates the second option, and so
on.
An element's position number in a two-dimensional array is determined by
counting
along rows. For example, suppose you create the following 3-by-3 array:
a b c
d e f
g h i
Elements a, b, and c are in position numbers 1, 2, and 3. Elements d, e, and
f are in
position numbers 4, 5, and 6, and so on. With two-dimensional arrays, only
elements in
the same column as array element <expN2> create the options on the popup.
For
example, if <expN2> is 2, the contents of elements b, e, and h are used to
create the
popup options. If <expN2> is 5, only the contents of elements e and h are
used.
If you include a starting element <expN2>, you can also specify the number
of elements
used to create options by including the numeric expression <expN3>. The
number of
options appearing in the popup is determined by <expN3>. If <expN3> isn't
included, the
contents of all array elements in the specified column from the starting
element <expN2>
through the last element in the column are the popup options.
If the array is two-dimensional, <expN3> designates the number of elements
used from
the array column containing the starting element <expN2>. For example, if
<expN2> is 2
and <expN3> is 3, the second array element and the next two elements in the
same array
column create options on the popup.
The contents of a popup can be dynamically changed. You can insert and
delete options
by modifying the array. When SHOW GETS is issued, the RANGE clause is
reevaluated.
If the value of the element numbered <expN2> or <expN3> has changed, the
popup is
updated to reflect the change.
The ACOPY( ), ADEL( ), ADIR( ), AELEMENT( ), AFIELDS( ), AINS( ), ALEN( ),
ASCAN( ),
ASORT( ) and ASUBSCRIPT( ) functions facilitate the manipulation of arrays.
The following program example demonstrates how a popup can be dynamically
changed. Two radio buttons, Vegetable and Fruits, can be chosen. Another set
of
radio buttons specifies the color (red, yellow or green) of the vegetables
or fruits. The
popup is modified and refreshed as different buttons are chosen.
CLEAR
SET TALK OFF
STORE 1 TO color, fruitorveg, popchoice, start
DIMENSION poparray(4,3)
STORE 'Apples' TO poparray(1,1)
STORE 'Bananas' TO poparray(1,2)
STORE 'Limes' TO poparray(1,3)
STORE 'Strawberries' TO poparray(2,1)
STORE 'Lemons' TO poparray(2,2)
STORE 'Grapes' TO poparray(2,3)
STORE 'Radishes' TO poparray(3,1)
STORE 'Corn' TO poparray(3,2)
STORE 'Lettuce' TO poparray(3,3)
STORE 'Beets' TO poparray(4,1)
STORE 'Squash' TO poparray(4,2)
STORE 'Celery' TO poparray(4,3)
@ 9,2 SAY 'Color:'
@ 11,2 SAY 'Type:'
@ 9,10 GET color FUNCTION '*RH \<Red;\<Yellow;\<Green' ;
SIZE 1, 9, 1 VALID PROC1( )
@ 11,10 GET fruitorveg FUNCTION '*RH \<Fruit;\<Vegetable' ;
SIZE 1, 12, 1 VALID PROC2( )
@ 4,14 GET popchoice FUNCTION '^' FROM poparray RANGE start,2
@ 14,17 GET ok FUNCTION '*T OK' DEFAULT 1 SIZE 1, 8
@ 10,0,10,41 BOX
@ 8,0,12,41 BOX
READ CYCLE
PROCEDURE PROC1
DO CASE
CASE COLOR = 1
IF fruitorveg = 1
start = 1
ELSE
start = 7
ENDIF
CASE COLOR = 2
IF fruitorveg = 1
start = 2
ELSE
start = 8
ENDIF
CASE COLOR = 3
IF fruitorveg = 1
start = 3
ELSE
start = 9
ENDIF
ENDCASE
STORE 1 TO popchoice
SHOW GETS
RETURN .T.
PROCEDURE PROC2
IF fruitorveg = 1
DO CASE
CASE color = 1
STORE 1 TO start
CASE color = 2
STORE 2 TO start
CASE color = 3
STORE 3 TO start
ENDCASE
ELSE
DO CASE
CASE color = 1
STORE 7 TO start
CASE color = 2
STORE 8 TO start
CASE color = 3
STORE 9 TO start
ENDCASE
ENDIF
STORE 1 TO popchoice
SHOW GETS
RETURN .T.
SIZE <expN4> [, <expN5>]
By default, the width of the popup is determined by the length of the
longest option text in
columns. You can optionally specify the width of the popup in columns by
specifying
<expN5>. For popups, the first SIZE argument <expN4> is ignored, because the
height of
a popup is determined by the number of options. You can include any numeric
value for
<expN4>.
In FoxPro for Windows and FoxPro for Macintosh, the popup font determines
the size of
the popup. The popup font is specified with the FONT clause. If the FONT
clause is
omitted, the popup uses the font of its parent window (the main FoxPro
window or a
user-defined window).
ENABLE | DISABLE
Popups are enabled by default when READ or READ CYCLE is issued. You can
prevent
a popup from being activated when READ or READ CYCLE is issued by including
DISABLE. A disabled popup cannot be selected and appears in disabled colors.
To
disable individual popup options instead of the entire popup, see "Disabled
Options"
earlier in this section. Use SHOW GET ENABLE to enable a disabled popup.
MESSAGE <expC5>
The MESSAGE clause character expression <expC5> appears when the pop-up is
selected. In FoxPro for MS-DOS, the message is centered by default on the
last line of the
main FoxPro window. The message location can be changed with SET MESSAGE.
In FoxPro for Windows and FoxPro for Macintosh, the message is placed in the
graphics-based status bar. If the graphics-based status bar has been turned
off with SET
STATUS BAR OFF, the message is placed on the last line of the main FoxPro
window.
VALID <expL1> | <expN6>
You can include an optional VALID expression <expL1> or <expN6> that is
evaluated
when a popup option is chosen. That is, VALID isn't evaluated when you
select the
popup, but when you choose an option in the popup.
Typically, <expL1> or <expN6> is a user-defined function (UDF). With a
user-defined
function (UDF) you can select, enable or disable other objects; open a
Browse window,
open another data-entry screen or move to a new record. CLEAR READ may be
included in the user-defined function to terminate the READ.
<expL1>
When a logical value is returned to the VALID clause, the logical value is
ignored and the
pop-up remains the current control. However, you can specify a UDF that
returns a logical
value to the VALID clause and activates another object.
<expN6>
A VALID clause that includes a numeric expression is used to specify which
object is
activated after an option in the popup is chosen. Objects are @ ... GET
input fields, check
boxes, lists, popups, spinners, text-editing regions and each individual
button in a set of
push, radio and invisible buttons.
The expression <expN6> has one of these effects:
When <expN6> = 0, the popup remains the active control.
When <expN6> is positive, <expN6> specifies the number of objects to
advance. For
example, when the popup is the current object and VALID returns 1, the next
object is
activated. If <expN6> is greater than the number of objects remaining, the
READ is
terminated (unless READ CYCLE is issued to activate the objects).
When <expN6> is negative, <expN6> specifies the number of objects to move
back.
For example, if the popup is the current object and VALID returns -1, the
previous
object is activated. If <expN6> moves back past the first object, the READ
is
terminated (unless READ CYCLE is issued to activate the objects).
WHEN <expL2>
The WHEN clause allows or prohibits selection of a popup based on the
logical value of
<expL2>, which must evaluate to a logical true (.T.) before a popup can be
selected. If
<expL2> evaluates to a logical false (.F.), the popup cannot be selected and
is skipped
over if placed between other objects.
COLOR SCHEME <expN7> [, <expN8>] | COLOR <color pair list>
If you do not include a COLOR clause, popup colors are determined by the
color scheme
for the main FoxPro window; if a popup is placed in a user-defined window,
the window's
color scheme determines the popup's colors.
The colors of a popup can be specified by including the number of an
existing color
scheme in the COLOR SCHEME clause or a set of color pairs in the COLOR
clause.
A color scheme is a set of 10 predefined color pairs. The color pairs in a
color scheme
can be changed with SET COLOR OF SCHEME. In FoxPro for MS-DOS, the color
pairs in
a color scheme can also be changed in the Color Picker.
A color pair is a set of two letters separated by a forward slash. The first
letter specifies
the foreground color and the second letter specifies the background color.
For example, this color pair specifies a red foreground on a white
background:
R/W
For a list of colors and their corresponding color letters, see SET COLOR
Overview or
Color Table by Color Pair.
A color pair can also be specified with a set of six RGB (Red Green Blue)
color values
separated by commas. The first three color values specify the foreground
color and the
second three color values specify the background color. The color values can
range
from 0 through 255.
The R/W color pair in the example above can also be specified with this RGB
color pair:
RGB(255,0,0,255,255,255)
By default, the colors of a popup and its options are derived from the color
scheme of the
main FoxPro window or the active user-defined window and color scheme 2.
The first color scheme <expN7> determines the colors of the face of the
popup when the
popup is selected, enabled or disabled. It also determines the color of the
message. The
second color scheme <expN8> determines the color of the popup options and
the border
of the box containing the options.
The following table lists the color pairs in each color scheme and what each
color pair
controls in a popup.
Color Pair <exp7> or
Number Output Window
5 Message
6 Selected popup
9 Enabled popups
10 Disabled popups
Color Pair <expN8> or
Number Color Scheme 2
1 Disabled options
2 Enabled options
3 Border
6 Selected option
7 Hot keys
A color pair list only controls colors of the face of the popup when the
popup is selected,
enabled or disabled and the color of the message (popup color attributes
controlled by
color scheme <expN7>). For complete color control of a popup, specify two
color
schemes.
This example shows how to override the current color scheme with other
predefined color
schemes:
STORE 1 TO mchoice
@ 2,2 GET mchoice FUNCTION '^ Cash;Charge;Net 30;Net 60' ;
COLOR SCHEME 4, 5
READ